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Deepfake Media Generation and Detection in the Generative AI Era: A Survey and Outlook

- We survey deepfake generation and detection techniques, covering all deepfake media types: image, video, audio and multimodal content. We identify various kinds of deepfakes and construct taxonomies...

A Plug-and-Play Method for Improving Imperceptibility and Capacity in Practical Generative Text Steganography

- Linguistic steganography embeds secret information into seemingly innocuous text to safeguard privacy under surveillance. Generative linguistic steganography leverages the probability distributions...

Derivation of effective gradient flow equations and dynamical truncation of training data in Deep Learning

- We derive explicit equations governing the cumulative biases and weights in Deep Learning with ReLU activation function, based on gradient descent for the Euclidean loss in the input layer, and under...

An Empirical Study to Understand How Students Use ChatGPT for Writing Essays

- As large language models (LLMs) advance and become widespread, students increasingly turn to systems like ChatGPT for assistance with writing tasks. Educators are concerned with students' usage...

Image-based Geo-localization for Robotics: Are Black-box Vision-Language Models there yet?

- The advances in Vision-Language models (VLMs) offer exciting opportunities for robotic applications involving image geo-localization - the problem of identifying the geo-coordinates of a place based...

The Minimal Search Space for Conditional Causal Bandits

- Causal knowledge can be used to support decision-making problems. This has been recognized in the causal bandits literature, where a causal (multi-armed) bandit is characterized by a causal graphical...

Cyber security of OT networks: A tutorial and overview

- This manuscript explores the cybersecurity challenges of Operational Technology (OT) networks, focusing on their critical role in industrial environments such as manufacturing, energy, and utilities....

Permutation Learning with Only N Parameters: From SoftSort to Self-Organizing Gaussians

- Sorting and permutation learning are key concepts in optimization and machine learning, especially when organizing high-dimensional data into meaningful spatial layouts. The Gumbel-Sinkhorn method,...

Fine-Grained Behavior and Lane Constraints Guided Trajectory Prediction Method

- Trajectory prediction, as a critical component of autonomous driving systems, has attracted the attention of many researchers. Existing prediction algorithms focus on extracting more detailed scene...

CO-DEFEND: Continuous Decentralized Federated Learning for Secure DoH-Based Threat Detection

- The use of DNS over HTTPS (DoH) tunneling by an attacker to hide malicious activity within encrypted DNS traffic poses a serious threat to network security, as it allows malicious actors to bypass...

DMind Benchmark: Toward a Holistic Assessment of LLM Capabilities across the Web3 Domain

- The Web3 ecosystem, underpinned by cryptographic primitives and decentralized consensus, represents a high-stakes environment where software vulnerabilities and incentive misalignments translate...

An Empirical Study of Fuzz Harness Degradation

- The purpose of continuous fuzzing platforms is to enable fuzzing for software projects via fuzz harnesses -- but as the projects continue to evolve, are these harnesses updated in lockstep, or do...

SurgXBench: Explainable Vision-Language Model Benchmark for Surgery

- Innovations in digital intelligence are transforming robotic surgery with more informed decision-making. Real-time awareness of surgical instrument presence and actions (e.g., cutting tissue) is...

Seven Security Challenges That Must be Solved in Cross-domain Multi-agent LLM Systems

- Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly evolving into autonomous agents that cooperate across organizational boundaries, enabling joint disaster response, supply-chain optimization, and other tasks...

TreeLoRA: Efficient Continual Learning via Layer-Wise LoRAs Guided by a Hierarchical Gradient-Similarity Tree

- Many real-world applications collect data in a streaming environment, where learning tasks are encountered sequentially. This necessitates continual learning (CL) to update models online, enabling...

PRISON: Unmasking the Criminal Potential of Large Language Models

- As large language models (LLMs) advance, concerns about their misconduct in complex social contexts intensify. Existing research overlooked the systematic understanding and assessment of their...

HAT-4D: Lifting Monocular Video for 4D Multi-Object Interactions via Human-Agent Collaboration

- Extracting dynamic 4D object interactions from massive, in-the-wild monocular videos offers a highly efficient data collection pathway for scaling Embodied AI and training VLAs. However, existing...

Physics-Informed Neural Network with Transfer Learning for State Estimation in Lithium-Ion Batteries using the Single Particle Model with Electrolyte

- Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs), including battery electrochemical models. They typically en-force...

Estimation--Prediction Tradeoff in Causal Probabilistic Temporal Graphs

- Temporal link prediction is usually evaluated by predictive performance on unseen edges, but in probabilistic temporal graphs this criterion can conflate model error with irreducible uncertainty. We...

Disentangling Continuous-Time Latent Dynamics: Identifiability of Latent SDEs via Diffusion Shifts

- Causal representation learning for time series has developed strong identifiability results in discrete-time latent causal models, but identifiability in continuous-time latent stochastic...

Govern the Repository, Not the Agent: Measuring Ecosystem-Level Risk in AI-Native Software

- Autonomous coding agents now open and merge pull requests in shared repositories at scale, and the field evaluates them the way it has always evaluated components, one agent at a time, on isolated...